[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"branding":3,"analytics":7,"article-eu-copyright-law-exposes-a-gap-in-ai-safety-checks":10,"sections":34},{"siteName":4,"siteTagline":5,"publisherName":4,"contactEmail":6},"The Revision","Tech news, decoded.","editor@therevision.news",{"gaMeasurementId":8,"adsenseClientId":9},"G-ZW2MV82GYR","ca-pub-8533917693782264",{"article":11},{"id":12,"slug":13,"title":14,"dek":15,"body_md":16,"tags_json":17,"published_at":18,"created_at":19,"updated_at":20,"status":21,"review_note":22,"review_notes":23,"image_url":22,"persona_id":22,"persona_name":22,"section":24,"tags":25,"sources":29,"feedback":33,"feedback_at":22,"cost_usd":33,"total_tokens":33},3090,"eu-copyright-law-exposes-a-gap-in-ai-safety-checks","EU Copyright Law Exposes a Gap in AI Safety Checks","A new research framework finds that fine-tuned language models absorb an author's style even when they stop short of copying text word for word.","Style can be stolen without lifting a sentence.\n\nResearchers have introduced PSALM, a framework that applies EU copyright doctrine to evaluate whether large language models infringe on protected works beyond simple verbatim copying. The team tested Llama 3.2 models fine-tuned on translated historical Dutch literary works and ran outputs through ten automated evaluators covering computational overlap, writing style, narrative voice, character, plot, and statutory exceptions like parody and pastiche. They found that instruction-tuned models already show measurable stylistic similarity to protected works before any fine-tuning begins — and that fine-tuning makes things meaningfully worse across every infringement-relevant dimension. A technique called Negative Preference Optimisation, often touted as an \"unlearning\" fix, reduced similarity but left detectable residual patterns.\n\nEU copyright law covers more ground than US fair use doctrine, extending protection to stylistic choices and narrative structure — not just exact reproduction. That creates a compliance gap that existing technical safeguards, built around catching near-verbatim memorisation, were never designed to close. PSALM is an attempt to give auditors a legally coherent measuring stick before regulators or courts demand one.\n\nThe authors are careful to note that automated similarity scores are not the same as infringement findings — legal experts still have to make that call. But for AI labs shipping fine-tuned models in Europe, the paper is a useful preview of what a legally informed audit might look like.","[\"ai\",\"copyright\",\"llms\",\"policy\"]","2026-07-01T04:00:00.000Z","2026-07-01T07:01:33.681Z","2026-07-01T07:01:36.583Z","published",null,[],"ai",[24,26,27,28],"copyright","llms","policy",[30],{"name":31,"url":32},"arXiv cs.AI","https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fabs\u002F2606.31250",0,{"sections":35},[36,40,45,50,54,59,64,69,74,79,84,88,93,98],{"name":37,"slug":24,"count":38,"latest_published_at":39},"AI",2590,"2026-07-16T04:00:00.000Z",{"name":41,"slug":42,"count":43,"latest_published_at":44},"Security","security",294,"2026-07-15T19:59:48.000Z",{"name":46,"slug":47,"count":48,"latest_published_at":49},"Deals","deals",179,"2026-06-29T20:02:07.000Z",{"name":51,"slug":28,"count":52,"latest_published_at":53},"Policy",158,"2026-07-16T00:02:48.000Z",{"name":55,"slug":56,"count":57,"latest_published_at":58},"Hardware","hardware",122,"2026-07-14T19:46:26.000Z",{"name":60,"slug":61,"count":62,"latest_published_at":63},"Consumer Tech","consumer-tech",93,"2026-07-13T13:20:48.000Z",{"name":65,"slug":66,"count":67,"latest_published_at":68},"Software","software",70,"2026-07-13T19:52:25.000Z",{"name":70,"slug":71,"count":72,"latest_published_at":73},"Science","science",66,"2026-07-10T10:29:37.000Z",{"name":75,"slug":76,"count":77,"latest_published_at":78},"Dev Tools","dev-tools",59,"2026-07-07T04:00:00.000Z",{"name":80,"slug":81,"count":82,"latest_published_at":83},"Gaming","gaming",41,"2026-07-09T04:00:00.000Z",{"name":85,"slug":86,"count":82,"latest_published_at":87},"Startups","startups","2026-06-29T20:55:50.000Z",{"name":89,"slug":90,"count":91,"latest_published_at":92},"General","general",29,"2026-07-10T22:28:58.000Z",{"name":94,"slug":95,"count":96,"latest_published_at":97},"Reviews","reviews",20,"2026-06-24T12:00:01.000Z",{"name":99,"slug":100,"count":101,"latest_published_at":102},"How-To","how-to",6,"2026-06-16T09:00:00.000Z"]